Main Issues That Affect The Quality Of Access Education

This paper discusses five main issues that affect the quality of and access to education in developing countries, namely; economic barriers, conflict barriers, climate change barriers, gender barriers, and language barriers. Definitions of ‘education’ such as â€Å"the acquisition of the art of the utilisation of knowledge† (Whitehead, 1966), or â€Å"making available to each generation the organised knowledge of the past† (Good, 1959, p191), or â€Å"the means whereby one generation transmits the wisdom, knowledge and experience which prepares the next generation for life’s duties and pleasures† (Snelson, 1974, p1) might be correct, but are too broad and not relevant in the context of this paper. ‘Education’ in this paper is defined as â€Å"the systematic†¦show more content†¦When children complete their basic primary and secondary education it results in numerous benefits for the children as well as the society in gen eral. Studies show that completing a basic education reduces poverty, increases income by up to 10% per extra year of attending school, saves lives of children whose mothers have a secondary education, reduces the chances of getting HIV and Aids, and increases economic growth and GDP (Jalan Ravallion, 2000; UNESCO, 2011a). Almost 70 years after the UN’s declaration, and having invested billions of dollars in education, more than 59 million children of primary school age are not attending school and 883 million people over the age of 15 are illiterate (UNESCO, 2015; UNDP, 2015). In light of this, the UN set out the ‘Sustainable Development Goals’ in 2015 where one of the principle targets is that all children worldwide â€Å"complete free, equitable and quality primary and secondary education† by the year 2030 (UN, 2015, p17). There are many difficult obstacles to achieving this goal, and the following section will explain that economic factors, conflict f actors, climate change factors, and gender factors, and language factors are the major issues that need to be addressed. Factors Affecting the Quality of and Access to Education 1 – Economic factors Arguably the biggest factor that affectsShow MoreRelatedDisparities Within The Health Care Environment1702 Words   |  7 PagesHealthcare Disparities Healthcare disparities have been an issue all over the world for a very long time. The purpose of this paper is to give you knowledge on disparities within the health care environment. This paper will discuss the definition of disparities, types of disparities, reasons for disparities, statistical data from trends and reports, and information on disparities elimination and improvements. What are healthcare disparities? 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Arthur Miller s Death Of A Salesman - 2019 Words

â€Å"Fake it ‘til you make it,† is a mantra that both inspires uncertain individuals to attempt something new and a battle cry for those who refuse to accept the reality of a situation. Whether it be in the acknowledgement that one needs help or that you shouldn’t have seventeen cats, the fear of hurt or loss is often too great to accept the cold, hard truth. Unfortunately, many are not alerted to the greater danger of avoiding personal growth and forming realistic, healthy relationships. Both Judith Guest and Arthur Miller use their respective literary works ‘Ordinary People’ and ‘Death of a Salesman’ to illustrate that not addressing who we are as individuals and remaining unaware of reality will only lead to unhappiness, dysfunction, and†¦show more content†¦This lack of awareness on Willy’s part that he was focusing on the wrong dream--the desire to make money--caused Willy intense displeasure in his work later in lif e. This misguided path to personal happiness not only interfered with Willy’s life decisions, but it drastically affected Biff and Happy’s perception of success because Willy did not stand up for what he truly believed. This is most easily seen when Biff comes home with a football and Willy--though he is fully aware that Biff stole the sports equipment--fails to warn Biff about the dire consequences of such actions and brushes the issue off. Time and time again, Willy ignores Biff’s record of thievery until he is informed that the police are after Biff for theft. â€Å"Shut up! He’s not stealing anything!† (51) Willy denies not only any wrongdoing on Biff and Happy’s part but as well as on his part as a parent, just as he did when Biff stole the football. â€Å"Loaded with it. Loaded! What is he stealing? He’s giving it back, isn’t he? Why is he stealing? What did I tell him? I never in my life told him anything but decent th ings.† (41) This animosity towards theft is countered by Willy’s earlier comment when he faced a scenario where Biff stole a ball from school and Willy somewhat willingly went along with the idea. â€Å"Willy, examining the new ball: Where’d you get a new ball? Biff: The coach told me to practice my passing. Willy: That so? And

Impact of AIDS on Sub-Saharan Africa’s Economy Free Essays

Sub-Saharan Africa is the part of the world most terribly influenced by AIDS.   By the end of 2004 it was estimated that twenty-six million inhabitants in Sub-Saharan Africa were suffering from AIDS. Approximately seven to eight per cent of the grown population is affected, with occurrence rates getting as high as forty per cent in a few countries. We will write a custom essay sample on Impact of AIDS on Sub-Saharan Africa’s Economy or any similar topic only for you Order Now Females are strangely infected, with adolescent girls five times more prone than teenage boys to catch AIDS. In 2004 only, two million people expired of AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa. However the epidemic has far stretched from its peak, since infectivity rates are still exceeded casualties from AIDS. Due to the gap between infectivity and successive death, we have until now to see the full impact of AIDS on Sub-Saharan Africa’s society as a whole. There have been differing opinions over how AIDS has affected the economic future of the African continent. Mixed messages on the true economic repercussions of the spread of the disease have contributed to a limited response, despite the inclusion of combating AIDS in the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). One of the least studied but most significant areas of the epidemic’s impact is rural agriculture. Though long de-prioritized, rural agriculture is a source of livelihood for millions on the African continent and is now again being perceived as a crucial contributor to economic growth and development by such organizations as the New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD). Hunger, food aid and agricultural subsidies are all key elements of the current discourse on Africa in policy circles and in the media, but few studies have assessed the impact of AIDS on agriculture to push for specific interventions to mitigate the impact of the epidemic on rural agriculture. This disease has affected millions of people and since many of them are farmers therefore it has indirectly affected agriculture also. Since agriculture is a major source of capital for individuals and the country therefore it has affected the economy of Africa also. It seems clear that such high levels of illness and mortality will severely hamper economic performance in the most heavily affected countries. Yet over the last decade, a number of macroeconomic studies have declared that AIDS is not having a significant impact on GDP growth. These analyses are important because they provide ammunition that allows statesmen and scholars to dismiss the epidemic as not worthy of action and funding. In circles of power around the world, it is money that drives policy initiatives. The claim that AIDS is not impacting economic performance speaks loudly and prevents aggressive intervention.( n5) This paper will start with an assessment of a number of the macroeconomic studies that aim to measure the impact of AIDS on GDP growth, and which contribute to the justification of a limited international response to the disease. Macroeconomic Analysis Of The Impact Of AIDS The assessments of the macroeconomic impact of AIDS have been largely dismissive due to the unique character of the epidemic. AIDS affects the poorest of the poor: those who are not recognized or measured by traditional macroeconomic indicators. (Ruxin, 2004) As a UN report on â€Å"The Impact of AIDS† notes, â€Å"those rural people whose activities are not counted by standard measurements of economic performance and productivity are among the most vulnerable to the impact of AIDS.†( Bloom,   Mahal, 1997, 108) By not fully accounting for the informal sector, the rural economy and small-scale agriculture are largely dismissed, and women, who play a large role in the informal economy and agricultural sector, are marginalized. While the macroeconomic studies assessing the impact of AIDS disregard them, in fact it is the poor, the rural and women who are most affected by the disease. After decades of neglect by governments and abandonment by structural adjustment programs, there is a renewed focus on agriculture by international organizations and groups such as the World Bank and NEPAD. Agriculture is once again being seen as a driving force for growth in Africa. The Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Programme (CAADP) released in July 2003 states that â€Å"the high economic growth rates envisaged by NEPAD cannot be realized unless farm production is significantly increased. Higher output will directly reduce hunger and bring down the cost of food imports. It will also have wider economic benefits, from stimulating rural incomes to providing raw materials for African industry.†(Harsch, 2004, 13) However, the rural areas are where AIDS is having its most devastating impact. At a time when population growth is high relative to other emerging economies, the amount of arable land is stable, the quality of land is degrading, and output per hectare stagnant, the rural areas are under increased pressure. Adding the AIDS epidemic into an already precarious mix of factors forces the agricultural sector into a dangerous downward spiral and threatens hopes for economic growth in sub-Saharan Africa. Few of the macroeconomic studies specifically address rural livelihoods and agriculture. They also assess the impact of AIDS without acknowledging that, from an economic point of view, the primary impact of the disease manifests mainly among individual economic agents, i.e. individuals and households. (Booysen, Bachmann, 2002) As a result, these macroeconomic models often fail to allow for the effects of a number of important microeconomic impacts which are endogenous to such models. (Booysen, Bachmann, 2002) Though the death of an individual might only represent a minor change in GDP, the macroeconomists fail to understand the ripple effect chronic illness and death has on communities. The impoverishment of communities cascades upwards and impacts macroeconomic measures. The traditional macroeconomic research approach is not sufficient in the face of the widespread devastation of AIDS. Microeconomic Analysis Of The Impact Of AIDS It is vital for researchers to conduct microeconomic household-level studies on the impact of AIDS. Such analyses document the economic choices that households and individuals are forced to make in the face of the epidemic in terms of household composition, labor, productivity, savings and coping strategies. It is these behaviors that will inform observers of the real impact the epidemic is having on sub-Saharan Africa and will thus serve as the basis for understanding the effect of AIDS on families, communities and the nation. Rural Household Studies It is clear from existing microeconomic household-level analyses that AIDS is devastating and will continue to devastate Sub-Saharan Africa’s rural agricultural sector and, through it, undermines the agricultural and rural revival that many see as the basis of Africa’s recovery. As Carolyn Baylies notes, â€Å"AIDS is having a profound effect, undermining rural household production, contributing to declining agricultural output and affecting the very integrity of families and their sustainability as viable units.†(Baylies, 2002, 12) This paper will now delve into a number of the microeconomic studies, with a focus on rural agricultural household studies, to assess the house hold level impact of the epidemic and to investigate the effects that the macroeconomic analyses have largely missed. A 2002 household impact study conducted in South Africa by Frederick Booysen and Max Bachmann explores the impact of AIDS on families in the Free State province. Researchers note that deaths in the households due to AIDS mostly occurred in individuals in their 20s and 30s. A Rwandan study revealed that, for those that died, the average period of illness before death was 23 months: a long period during which care had to be provided and medicines sought. (Donovan, 2003) Household illness dramatically increases the dependency ratio in the home. Booysen and Bachmann note that the households affected by AIDS in fact have a smaller supply of labor than non-affected households, with a larger proportion of the household consisting of children and elderly persons. (Booysen, Bachmann, 2002) Furthermore, dependency is exacerbated by the fact that many individuals return to their rural homes to receive terminal care after becoming ill. (Jayne, 2002) The South African study also assesses the impact of AIDS on household income. The authors note that â€Å"per capita and adult equivalent income in affected households represents only between 50% and 60% of the levels of income in non-affected households.†(Booysen, Bachmann, 2002) This dramatic drop results not only from the loss of labor of the infected individual but also from the burden of care that falls on family members. Importantly, Booysen and Bachmann also explore the impact of the disease on expenditure levels. AIDS significantly alters the consumption patterns of households: â€Å"per capita and adult equivalent expenditure is between 60% and 70% of the levels of expenditure in non-affected households.† (Booysen, Bachmann, 2002) Notably, affected households spend less on food than non-affected households, which has a negative impact on the health of household members. How to cite Impact of AIDS on Sub-Saharan Africa’s Economy, Papers

UE Writing free essay sample

2010 Your school is running a campaign to Ocean Park has decided to run an essay Your school has decided to confine all ‘Overcrowding can seriously damage promote the idea ‘Education needs to be competition entitled ‘Animals students to the school grounds at lunch the quality life in a community. † Write more creative’. Students have time. Students will not be allowed to go an essay discussing this claim with Ambassadors’. There are two been invited to propose a programme or categories from which the ambassadors home or eat out and may only have reference to the living conditions of an activity which encourages creativity. can be chosen: domestic pets (such as lunch supplied by the school caterer. As Hong Kong people. Provide a suitable You have gathered opinions on the idea dogs, cats and tropical fish), and exotic President of your Students’ from your teachers and classmates. animals (such as crocodiles, pandas and Association, write a letter to your Write an article for your school title for the essay. snakes). Choose two animals, one from school principal protesting against the magazine proposing a programme or an each category, and with reference to new rule. Provide three reasons why activity, explaining its key elements their characteristics and the way that you and your fellow students oppose and identifying its benefits. people view them, write an essay this plan. Provide a suitable title for the article. explaining why these two animals are suitable to hold the post of animal ambassadors. Provide an appropriate title for your essay. 2009 Your school has voted a celebrity artist Some people have criticized movie Students and parents from your A large number of candidates or athlete Person of the Year for 2008. stars for staging extravagant weddings school have raised a large sum of from different schools recently You are a reporter for the school which cost far more than most couples money for Chinas development. The entered the Ten Model Students magazine. You have interviewed the would spend. Critics believe that such school principal is now asking students competition organised by a local winner. Write an article for the school weddings could be just as beautiful and for their opionios as to which one of the newspaper. However, there were magazine showing how his or her memorable if some of the millions of following two initiatives in China only six winners, all of whom were experience of failure before finally dollars spent were donated to charity should receive the money: 1) further female students. The criteria on which succeeding might inspire the personal instead. Write a letter to the editor of thespace exploration or 2) basic healthcare the candidates were judged included development of students. Give your Hong Kong Post stating your views on and education in rural areas. Write a academic performance, leadership article an appropriate heading. this issue and giving reasons for them. letter to the Principal stating which skills, use of language to express initiative should receive the donation themselves, and knowledge of the and why it should not be given to the world. To what extent would you agree other. that male students in Hong Kong generally lack the qualities that would fit them for the title of model student? Write an essay justifying your views and give it a suitable title. 2008 Write an essay to share your view on balancing the freedom to expressing Write a letter suggesting 2 stimulating Write an article for school magazine questions to be discussed by 3 Write a letter to the editor expressing sharing your view and commenting on your view on who should be oneself VS protecting others privacy on professionals in a school assembly the results of a survey assessing responsible for heavy school bags of the internet. (Expository essay) concerning Shaping Hong Kong. students self-esteem. (Expository most HK students. (Letter to editor. (Formal letter. Expository) article) Expository) 2 007 Write a letter to SPAC. concerning Pet Article for school Magazine sharing 2 Article to argue whether teen idols Write a letter to HK Post about how a abuse and suggest measures to ensure unique factures of Chinese culture after getting married may affect their criminal gang tricked old people and Pet welfare. joining an exchange programe what your Owners Association has (Formal letter, expository) (Expository essay) popularity. (Controversial essay) done to avoid similar incidents. (Letter to the editor, expository) 2006 Support or disprove whether Korean Article for school newspaper describing Letter to Editor commenting Article for school newspaper offering Culture and products have taken over arguments on whether school tuck shop downloading entertainment from the advice on safety measures when hiking HK market. (Controversial essay) in remote areas. (Expository essay) internet. (Letter to the editor, (Discussion essay) 2005 Letter to Principal explaining how a should stop selling Junk food. expository) Article in school newspaper expressing Present survey findings of Mainland Letter to editor questioning the quality fight arose and seeking his leniency in views on the benefits and drawbacks of tourists impressions of H. K. and H. K. of Radio programme hosts in punishing the students concerned. early admission to university. (Formal letter, expository) (Discussional essay) letter, controversial) Write an article outlining 3 reasons to Advise a friend to start a career as a Write an article for school newspaper serve either poor elderly people or sharing the main ideas of a seminar on 2004 Write a letter to the principal, Summarizing different views for and people. (Report, expository) police cadet instead of a singer. counselling Youths on air. (Forma! against spending a donation on MMLC primary school children newly arrived (Controversial writing in form of an slimming and health. (Expository eassy or NET and making appropriate in form of a report) from the mainland. (Controversial recommendation. (Discussional writing essay) informal letter) in form of a letter proposal) 2003 State whether it is right for a country to Argue whether Music, art and literature Write an article to school newspaper fight a war? (Controversial essay) Letter to the Editor discussing whether are valuable than science and stating your choice between living in a local degree is better or worse than an technology. (Controversial essay) H. K. or in another part of the world. oversea one. (Discussional essay) (Persuasive writing) 2002 Write an article listing 3 suggestions to Write an article either for or against Explain why HK films and stars gain State your choice of having children or improve family life (Expository and whether Internet can replace traditional popularity of the world (Expository not proposal) schools or not (Controversial essay) (Controversial essay) 2001 Article for school newspaper, essay) Argue whether Christmas should not be Discuss the positive and Negative Suggest 3 ways to promote discussing the seriousness of the celebrated in China because it is a multicultural understanding and racial problem of bulling in schools and foreign custom. (Controversial essay) marriage (Discussional essay) aspects of living together before propose 3 solutions (Expository essay) 2000 Suggest 3 ways students use English outside school (Expository essay) harmony in H. K. (Letter to the editor, expository) Mobile telephone is most annoying, Comment on whether graduates should Letter to principal suggesting 3 ways to unnecessary and time-wasting device work one year before entering improve the quality of education in (Controversial essay) school (Letter proposal) university (Discussional essay) 1999 Suggest how young people can help to A university education is not essential Universitys admission not only based Persuade a friend to see a particular promote international understanding for success. (Controversial essay) and world peace. (Expository essay) 1998 Suggestions of improving tourism in on ones academic performance. play or film. (Informal letter) (Discussional article) Tutorial centre (Discussional essay) H. K. (Letter proposal, expository) Should pager be allowed to be used in Whether computer is best to be studied school (Controversial essay) in school or at home (Controversial essay) 1997 Poverty in the world (Discussional English names (Controversial article) Sports Club Promotion (Letter to essay) 1996 New Town (Letter to the editor) Overseas Holiday (Article to Sch chairperson) newspaper) Diet and fitness of youths (Article to Proposed As-Level subjects Big Brother Scheme school newspaper) (Discussional essay) (Letter proposal, expository)

JFK STeel Mill Essay free essay sample

In his speech to the people of the United States of America, president Kennedy uses repetition and offers solutions with a very imperative tone to convey his opinion that steel companies are causing harm by making their prices higher. He continues to argue that in a rising industry, they are the cause of jobs being lost, and that because of them, the country will be further in debt. After catching the reader’s attention and undermining the steel corporation’s ideas, Kennedy solidifies his speech by using imperative syntax, which adds a sense of urgency to the situation. He constantly affirms the seriousness by using the word â€Å"necessary† and providing solutions to solve the problem. JFK states, â€Å"And it is necessary to stem it for our national security, if we are going to pay for out security communications abroad† (Kennedy). This quote shows that the country needs to take action over the steel industry for progress to come and for the country;s safety to be upheld. We will write a custom essay sample on JFK STeel Mill Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The repetition of â€Å"necessary† and his many quotes on protecting the nation reinforce his imperative tone throughout the speech, and shows the message of economic change and awareness that he pursues in this reply. Then, Kennedy uses the ethical appeal, which refers to the credibility, character and confidence of an author. There are many ways in which an author can create this appeal. During the time period in which it was written, cold war tensions were still lingering and Kennedy had just won the position as president in a very close election over an accomplished opponent. Therefore, just as this problem emerges, the nation is vulnerable and tense and has reached a turning point in history. Since he was elected president, the audience views him as an authoritative figure whose speech should be respected. Although Kennedy was young, he still faced critique on his tone and image, so it was expected of him to exhibit hope and compassion, while criticizing the steel industry. He continually opposes the actions of the steel industry in order to maintain his credibility, especially when he points out that, â€Å"The fact of the matter is that there is no justification for an increase in the steel prices. [ The Industry] was to achieve an agreement which would make unnecessary any increase in prices† (Kennedy). In stating this, JFK blatantly attacks the actions of the industry, making it plain to viewers and listeners that he was completely against this change in pricing. Also, throughout his speech, he presents and explains many quotes and statistics which prove the issues wrongfulness and prove the points he is maintaining. In doing these things, he establishes Ethical Appeal with his listeners and makes his speech much more trustworthy and agree-able. In conclusion, by establishing Ethical Appeal and pursuing an imperative tone through repetition, President John F. Kennedy created a powerful oratory protesting the rise in the prices of steel in the early 1960s. This speech was an efficient way to combat this terrible and harmful decision made by these companies, not only being able to protest the issue, but also accomplishing the unification of all Americans on a cause to end the rise in prices.

Introduce, Discuss, and Analyze The Ethics of Selling Organs essays

Introduce, Discuss, and Analyze The Ethics of Selling Organs essays The purpose of this paper is to introduce, discuss, and analyze the essays "The Body Bazaar" by Karen Wright and "'Strip-Mining' the Dead: When Human Organs Are for Sale" by Gilbert Meilaender. Specifically, it will compare and contrast the writers' perspectives on selling and transplanting body organs. The moral and ethical issues surrounding human organ transplant and sale are many, and many of them are ingrained with society's fear of death, dying, and money. Some people feel it is incomprehensible to even think about selling or donating a loved ones organs after death, but there are thousands of transplant patients waiting for organs or they will die and there lies the moral dilemma. Families of transplant patients waiting desperately for transplants so they can survive are always emotional and heart wrenching. Equally moving are the stories of families who donate their loved ones vital organs after a tragic accident trying to find some meaning in their loved ones' untimely deaths. Yet millions of transplant victims are still on waiting lists every year, and many people simply would not consider donating an organ, no matter how drastic the need. These two authors discuss the ethics and morality of donating organs, but they also discuss another aspect of organ transplant, the sale of donor organs for profit, something that most people are much more squeamish about even considering. Author Meilaender notes, "It's not hard to understand our national reluctance to permit the buying and selling of human organs for transplant, for it expresses a repugnance that is deeply rooted in important moral sentiments" (Meilaender). In contrast, Wright's essay at first dis cusses body part harvesting as a business just like any other. She writes, "Core-blood banking is just one of many enterprises that make up the late-twentieth-century trade in body parts and products" (Wright,?, p. 476). Clearly, this is the same issue, but vi...

China internet censorship is against human rights Essay

China internet censorship is against human rights - Essay Example (Watts, 2005) However, with the emergence of the internet, there came a new way in which people in China could express themselves directly. In line with the latter mentioned Draconian thinking, the Chinese government opted to engage in censorship of these internet websites so as to maintain power struggles. Human rights activists argue that this is fact an inhibition of the freedom of belief and the issue of democracy as it is. (Zittrain, 2006) The Chinese government normally resorts to a multiple mix of censorship methods to ensure that only the information they approve reaches Chinese internet users. In certain instances, the government may resort to the use of cyber police who conduct surveillance actions. In other situations, the government may resort to internet filtering technologies that may or may not be done regularly. Usually, one gets a message indicating that there is a network error or a problem with their IP. In other words, the government does not explain that it is in fact that the one responsible for censoring that site thus making it hard for the respective users.